With the developments in quantitative genetics and molecular genomics, coupled with significant advances in high-throughput sequencing technology, a large variety of multi-omics data has increased sharply, including phenotypes, genotypes, DNA and RNA sequences, and other functional genomic data. In the new era of farm animal genetics and breeding, studies integrating multi-omics approaches will enable a deeper understanding of the regulatory mechanisms underlying complex traits and environmental adaptations, but also provide insights into genomic selection. This Collection focuses on the significant progress during recent years and possible future perspectives in farm animals, so as to boost and lead researches and applications towards the new era of livestock and poultry genetics and breeding. Topics include basic research progress on genome annotation, genotype-tissue expression and artificial intelligence, as well as achievements on genetic and genomic studies of complex traits, and the advances in cutting-edge breeding technologies in livestock and poultry. This Collection supports and amplifies research related toSDG 2, Zero Hunger,SDG 12, Responsible Consumption and Production,SDG 13, Climate Action, andSDG 15: Life on Land. All submissions in this collection undergo the journal’s standard peer review process. Similarly, all manuscripts authored by a Guest Editor(s) are handled by the Editor-in-Chief. As an open access publication, this journal levies an article processing fee (detailshere). We recognize that many key stakeholders may not have access to such resources and are committed to supporting participation in this issue wherever resources are a barrier. For more information about what support may be available, please visitOA funding and support, or emailOAfundingpolicy@springernature.comor the Editor-in-Chief. Submit your manuscript to this collection through the participating journal. Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology is a leading open access journal publishing innovative research across agriculture, dairy and animal science.